Urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwatangiye kuburanisha ubujurire ku ifungwa n’ifungurwa rya Bwana Paul Rusesabagina uregwa ibyaha bitandukanye birimo iby’iterabwoba. Ubu bujurire yabutanze Urukiko rw’ibanze rwa Kicukiro rumaze kwemeza ko afungwa by’agateganyo iminsi 30

Kanda hano hasi wumve inkuru irambuye y’umunyamakuru w’Ijwi ry’Amerika Assumpta Kaboyi uri I Kigali mu Rwanda

 Kayuku Venusiti yavukiye ahahoze ari muri komini Nyaruhengeri muri Butare, ubu ni mu ntara y’amajyepfo. Amashuri abanza yayize kuri misiyoni ya  Kansi.  Ayisumbuye ayiga i Butare muri Groupe Scolaire aho bitaga mu Ndatwa, ahakura impamyabumenyi y’ubugronome. Akirangiza yahise abona akazi mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi INEAC (Institut National pour l’Etude Agronomique du Congo Belge) cyahingaga kikanatoranya imyaka myiza yo kugeza ku baturage. Icyo kigo cyakoreraga i Rubona muri Butare. Cyaje kwitwa ISAR (Institut des Sciences Agronomiques du Rwanda) nyuma yaho igihugu kibonye ubwigenge. Yari yungirije ( Directeur Adjoint) umuyobozi mukuru, wari umubiligi icyo gihe.

Kayuku Venusiti yashakanye na Nyirabahinde Pulukeriya mu mwaka w’1941, babyarana abana 10. Kayuku na Nyirabahinde bari abakristu babyiyemeje, mu rugo rwabo, muri misiyoni no mu baturage. Kayuku yarangizaga akazi akajya kwigisha gatigisimu abaturage bifuzaga kubatizwa, akanigisha abandi gusoma no kwandika. Urugo rwabo rwari ruzwiho gusabana cyane n’abaturage b’ingeri zose.

Kayuku yari mu bantu bari bizewe n’inzengo nyinshi ku buryo yatoranyijwe mu bantu bajyanye n’umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa mu Bubiligi kujya mu mihango yo gutaha Atomium mu mwaka w’1958.

Kimwe n’abahutu bake bagize amahirwe yo kwiga, Kayuku yabonaga kandi akababazwa n’uko abaturage benshi bavutswaga uburengazira bw’ibanze, bagakandamizwa bikabije kandi bagakoreshwa uburetwa, byose ari ubutegetsi bwa cyami n’ubukoloni bw’icyo gihe bwari bubishyigikiye. Abiganiriye n’inshuti ze, bafashe umwanzuro ko byanze bikunze ubutegetsi bugomba guhinduka, hakajyaho ubutegetsi bushingiye kuri demokrasi kandi bwimirije guteza imbere buri munyarwanda butavanguye. Kuva mu mwaka w’1957, abanyarwanda benshi batangiye gushinga no gushishikarizwa kwitabilira kujya mu mashyirahamwe anyuranye. Kayuku ari mu banyarwanda b’imena bari kw’isonga ry’impinduka Ambasaderi Kabanda Petero Celesitini avuga mu gitabo cye “Rwanda, l’idéal des pionniers : Les hommes qui ont fait la différence.” 

Amashyaka ya politiki atangiye kuvuka mu mwaka w’1959 Kayuku Venusiti yayobotse ishyaka rya MDR Parmehutu. Ubutegetsi bwa cyami bwahise butangira gutoteza abashakaga ko ibintu bihinduka, ngo batagira icyo bageraho. Ku rundi ruhande, abari bashyigikiye ubutegetsi nabo bashinze ishyaka UNAR bakwiza impuha ko abashaka ko ibintu bihinduka ari abanzi b’umwami. Icyo gihe kuba umwanzi w’umwami kwari ukuba icyigomeke. Ubwo havutse udutsiko tw’abatutsi biyitaga ingabo z’umwami, bakagenda bakubita ndetse banica abo bitaga abanzi b’umwami. 

Kayuku, ari kumwe na bamwe muri bagenzi be, harimo inshuti ye Birasa Bya Mpongo, bagiye kureba umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa, bamusobanulira ko utwo dutsiko twiyita ingabo z’umwami twanduza izina ry’umwami kubera amarorerwa dukora, kandi ko tubangamira umutekano rusange w’abaturage. Banamwumvishijeko abashaka impinduka atari abanzi be, ahubwo bashaka ko habaho ubutegetsi burenganura abaturage kandi bugaha buri muntu uburenganzira busesuye.

Ku itariki ya 28 Mutarama mu mwaka w’1961 i Gitarama habaye kongere yahuje abari batowe mu matora y’abajyanama ba za komini yabaye mu mwaka w’1960. Muri iyo Kongere niho hafashwe umwanzuro wo gusimbuza ubwami Repubulika. Ni naho kandi Kayuku yatorewe kuba umwe mu badepite ba MDR-Parmehutu mu rwego rw’igihugu.

Kayuku yakomeje gusobanulira abaturage ko ubutegetsi bugendera kuri demokarasi aribwo buryo bwonyine bushobora kurangiza ibibazo by’ubusumbane n’akarengane by’abaturage. 

Ku itariki ya 15.8.1961, avuye mu misa ya Assomption, arimo yitegura kujya kuzana umugore we wari muri materinite amaze iminsi 5 gusa abyaye, niho abantu baje kumutabaza bamubwira ko hari imvururu zatewe na twa dutsiko twiyitaga ingabo z’umwami hafi y’aho yari atuye, ku musozi witwaga Gafumba. Yahise ahindura gahunda yo kujya kuzana umubyeyi n’uruhinja bari bamutegereje, ahubwo yihutira kujya guhosha izo mvururu nkuko yari atabajwe. Yageze i Gafumba ahasanga abandi barwanashyaka,  Germain Gasingwa  na Aloyizi Munyangaju, nabo bari batabajwe ngo bahoshe imvururu aho ngaho, Basanze wari  umutego babateze, abaje gutabaza bari gatumwa. Gasingwa na Munyagaju bakijijwe n’uko imodoka zabo zari zihagaze ku buryo bashobora guhita bazihagurutsa. Kayuku we, arimo yatsa imodoka ngo ayihindukize bamutera amacumu, bamutsinda aho. Bamwicanye ubugome butagira uruvugiro.  

Umurage n’ubwitange byamuranze mu kazi ke, ubutwari, urukundo Kayuku yari afitiye igihugu cye n’abagituye byatumye Leta n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa ISAR bafata icyemezo cyo kwitilira laboratoire y’ubushakashatsi bwa ISAR izina rye. Ku itariki ya 30.10.1962 niho habaye umuhango wo kwita Laboratoires Venuste Kayuku. Ndetse n’umwe mu mihanda yari mu murwa mukuru Kigali wahawe izina rye, Rue Depute Kayuku, kimwe na bamwe bandi nabo bapfuye bazize ibitekerezo byabo nka ba depite Kamuzinzi, depite Kajangwe n’abandi.

Aya mateka ya Kayuku Venusiti atangajwe mu rwego rw’umushinga w’ubwanditsi “Ibirari by’Amateka” wibanda ku kumenyekanisha abanyarwanda bamenyekanye cyane kandi bagatabaruka mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri.

Tuboneyeho gushimira by’umwihariko abagize umuryango wa Kayuku bakiriho badufashije kubona ibi bimuvugwaho tubagejejeho. 

Byanditswe na:

Maniragena Valensi
Murorunkwere Dariya
Nzeyimana Ambrozi

Ushaka kutwandikira yatwoherereza ubutumwa kuri email: valencem@mail.ru

Mu ntangiro z’uyu mwaka nibwo ubuyobozi bushinzwe Impunzi mu Karere ka Karongi bwatangiye kuganiriza impunzi z’abacongomani bavuga ikinyarwanda zibarizwa mu Nkambi ya Kiziba kuri gahunda yo gutuzwa nk’abaturage basanzwe bitwaje ko ngo mu gihe kiri imbere ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa “PAM” rizahagarika inkunga y’ibyabagenerwaga bityo ngo kubatuza bagafashwa gutangira ubuzima  akaba ariwo muti urambye w’ikibazo cy’izi mpunzi.

Izi mpuhwe nk’iza Bihehe leta y’u Rwanda yadukanye  zihatse iki?

Inkambi ya Kiziba yashinzwe mu w’1996 ubwo impunzi nyinnshi zavaga Congo zihungira mu Rwanda zigacumbikirwa muri kariya gace. Nk’ahandi hose ku Isi HCR yazigeneye amahema yo guturamo, ibitaro, amashuri n’ibindi byangombwa nkenerwa kugira ngo zibashe guhangana n’ubuzima.

Nyuma y’aho HCR iboneye ko igihugu cya Congo ziriya mpunzi zaje ziturukamo gikomeje kuba indiri y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, hatangiye gahunda yo gushakira izi mpunzi ibihugu bizakira mubyo bita “resettlement” iyi gahunda isa n’iyatangiye mu 2000, yaje gutambamirwa na leta y’u Rwanda  kuko itifuzaga ko ziriya mpunzi zijya mu mahanga ku mpamvu nyinshi zitandukanye harimo kuba iriya nkambi kimwe n’izindi ariho leta y’u Rwanda yakuraga abasore bajyanwa mu gisilikari cy’u Rwanda ndetse n’indi mitwe yarwaniraga muburasirazuba bwa Congo ifashwa n’u Rwanda. Aha twavuga nka RCD ndetse na CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda.

2009 Uwayoboraga HCR I Karongi yasabye ko izi mpunzi zijyanwa mu Nkambi y’agateganyo  muri Africa y’epfo leta y’u Rwanda irabyanga.

Umuyozi wa HCR mu Karere ka Karongi muri kiriya gihe witwaga Manuel dos Santos amaze kubona uburyo ziriya mpunzi leta y’u Rwanda ishaka kuzifata bugwate no kuzigira ibicuruzwa kubera impamvu za politike, yasabye leta ko yakwemera ziriya mpunzi zikavanwa  mu Rwanda zikajyanwa muri Africa y’epfo kugira ngo zibahashe kubona ubuzima bwiza. Ibi byabaye nyuma y’aho leta y’u Rwanda yari imaze gufunga Laurent Nkunda watwaga nk’umucunguzi w’impunzi z’abacongomani bavuga ikinyarwanda muri rusange. Uyu mugambi kwimurira izi mpunzi muri Africa y’epfo waje kuburizwamo na leta y’u Rwanda ishyize iterabwoba kuri comite yayoboraga izi mpunzi aho yazisinyishije kungufu inyandiko yamagana uwo mugambi ndetse mu mwaka wakurikiye uyu muzungu wayoboraga ishami rya HCR I Karongi akurwa mu Rwanda.

Ibikomere by’ababo barashwe n’abagifunzwe biracyari bibisi.

Tariki ya 20 kugeza iya 22, Gashyantare, umwaka wa 2018, nibwo izi mpunzi zateguye imyigaragambyo mu mahoro zisaba gusubizwa mu gihugu zaje ziturukamo bitewe n’ubuzima bubi zarimo. Ibi byabaye nyuma yo kwandikira ubuyobozi bw’impunzi muri kariya Karere ndetse n’inzego bwite za leta kugira ngo bigire hamwe ibibazo zagaragazaga. Izi nyandiko zitandukanye zaje guteshwa agaciro ntizasubizwa bityo impunzi zifata icyemezo cyo kwigaragambya. N’ubwo iyi myigaragambye yabaye mu mahoro asesuye, ntibyabujije inzego z’umutekano mu Rwanda gukoresha imbaraga z’umurengera mu guhagarika iyi myigaragambyo aho abagera kuri 17 bahasize ubuzima naho abarenga 20 bagakomereka. Ibi kandi byakurikiwe no gufunga zimwe mu mpunzi zafatiwe mu myigaragambyo na bamwe mubari bagize comite ndetse bamwe muri bo bakiri mu munyururu aho bahatirwa kwemera ibyaha batakoze.

Ipfunwe ryo kurasa izi mpunzi zimanitse amaboko ryaba ari ryo ntandaro yo gushaka gutuza izi mpunzi.

Nyuma y’uko izi mpunzi zirashwe, ubu bwicanyi bwamaganwe n’imiryango myinshi iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ambassade z’ibihugu bitandukanye.  Leta y’u Rwanda yagize ikimwaro ndetse itangira gukemura bimwe mubyo izi mpunzi zasabaga. Aha twavuga nk’iringaniza ry’imishahara y’impunzi zakoranaga n’abenegihugu ariko zo zigahembwa inyica ntikize ndetse no kugabanya kubangamira ibya dossier zemerera gutuza impunzi mu gihugu cya gatatu. Leta y’u Rwanda ibonye ko izi mpunzi zayifashe nk’abanzi zigatangira gutekereza uko zava hariya zikajyanwa mubindi bihugu, hadutse irindi cengezamatwara ribwira impunzi ko PAM izahagarika imfashanyo mu minsi iri mbere none ko ibyiza ariko zakwemera zigatuzwa nk’abandi benegihugu kandi ko zizafashwa gutangira ubuzima. Ibi ariko byabaye nk’igitutsi gikomeye mu matwi y’izi mpunzi kuko zitumva ukuntu leta yahangaye kwica bagenzi babo izuba riva yatinyuka kuzisaba gutuzwa mu gihe n’ibituro ababo bashyinguwemo bitarameraho ibyatsi.

Impunzi zabashije kuganira na therwandan zivuga ko ibi ari agasuzuguro gakomeye n’ubunyamaswa leta y’u Rwanda ikomeje kugaragaza muri iki kibazo.

Umwe muri bo tutari butangaze umwirondoro we yagize ati: “Abacu twahambye ntibarabora, abandi bari muri gereza bazira akamama none ngo dutuzwe muri aya mayezi?!” Iyi mpunzi ikomeza ivuga ko izi mpuhwe nk’iza Bihehe leta y’u Rwanda yazihagarika kuko idafite ubutaka bwo kuzituzaho cyane ko n’abenegihugu badakwiwe. Ibi kandi leta ibikora ishyiramo iterabwoba ku mpunzi zitumva uyu mugambi ihereye kubajijutse bari muri izi mpunzi.

Edouard Mugambira.

Ku gicamunsi cy’ejo ku wa kane, nibwo muri village Urugwiro hateraniye inama y’abaminisitiri yiga ku ngingo zitandukanye zirangajwe imbere n’iyo kwigira hamwe uko bagabanya amabwiriza akomeje kubangamira abaturage mucyo leta yise “kwirinda corona”. Uretse iyi ngingo, hanabaye impunduka zikomeye muri minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga aho habayeho gushyirwa mu myanya kuri bamwe abandi bakayivanwamo. Mubahawe inshingano nshya harimo Col Joseph Rutabana wasimbuye general major Frank Mugambagye muri ambassade y’u Rwanda i Bugande.

Colonel Joseph Rutabana kabuhariwe mu kwica no gushimuta  ni muntu ki?

Colonel Joseph Rutabana yabaye umunyamabanga uhoraho muri minisiteri y’ingabo, akurwa kuri uyu mwanya yoherezwa guhagararira u Rwanda mu gihugu cya Israel. Uyu mugabo bivugwa ko ariwe wari wateguye umugambi wo gushimuta Rusesabagina mu mwaka wa 2016 ubwo yari yagiye muri Isiraheli. Gusa uyu mugambi ngo waje gutambamirwa n’uko iki gihugu cyanze kwisiga icyasha cyo gushimuta umuturage w’ikindi gihugu bidakurikije amategeko.

Rutabana aje kubura umugambi wo kwica no gushimuta impunzi z’abanyarwanda muri Uganda.

Mu cyumweru gishize nibwo Frank Mugambagye yasezeweho na minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’u Bugande aho yari amaze imyaka 11 ari ambassaderi. Mubyaranze uyu mugabo harimo kwicwa kw’impunzi z’abanyarwanda, kuzigambanira mu miryango irengera impunzi kugira ngo zitabona amahirwe yo gutuzwa mu gihugu cya gatatu, gushimutwa zigasubizwa mu Rwanda ku gahato ndetse kuzimisha ibyangombwa by’ubuhunzi.

Amakuru twashoboye gutohoza mu nzego zishinzwe iperereza ryo hanze y’u Rwanda, avuga ko Rutabana aje gusubukura bimwe mu bikorwa byari byarasubitswe kubera ukutumvikana kwa Mugambagye, Colonel Burabyo (military attache) ndetse na Ismail Baguma (Interpol) bose bakorera muri Ambassade y’u Rwanda i Bugande. Amakuru akomeza avuga ko hagiye habaho kutumvikana kuri operations zagombaga gukorwa ndetse no kudashobora gutabara maneko z’u Rwanda zabaga zafatiwe mu bikorwa byo kuneka. Ibi ngo byababaje Kagame bituma ahitamo gusimbuza Mugambagye wafatwaga nk’umukozi ushaje kandi utakijyanye n’igihe.

Abayoboke ba RNC ngo bararye bari menge!

Umukozi w’urwego rushinzwe iperereza ryo hanze waduhaye aya makuru avuga ko Kagame yababajwe n’uko abayoboke ba RNC ya Kayumba Nyamwasa bakomeje gukorera inama zitandukanye kuri ubu butaka ntacyo bikanga kandi leta ya Uganda ntigire icyo ibikoraho. Ibi rero ngo nibyo Rutabana aje guhangana nabyo kugira ngo abanyarwanda bari muri iki gihugu bajye bagenda banyonyomba nkuko byahoze mu myaka yashize.

By Jean-Jacques Bigwabishinze

« Umugambi ni umwe : urukundo rw’u Rwanda no kuzahora mwibuka »

            (Cécile Kayirebwa, Ubutumwa, 2014)

Naraye ndose inzozi

Zatumye nizera

Ko ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda

Hazaba hameze neza.

Nabonye uru Rwanda

Rwambaye umucyo wera

Kandi rwererana de

Nk’izuba rirashe.

Hazabaho ibihe byiza:

Agaca ntikazacakira agahore,

Intare ntizatamira agatama

Kazaza kuyitamba imbere.

Nta gikoresho cy’ubuhinzi

Kizongera kugirwa intwaro

Yo kurimbura ubwoko:

Imbugita itagimba,

N’imbunda za kirimbuzi,

Bizashorwa mu ruganda,

Bihindurwemo imishyo

Yo guhatisha ibijumba.

Byo n’umuhoro n’ubuhiri,

Hazasigara kimwe rukumbi

Cyo kwigisha amateka

Mu nzu z’umurage.

Icyo gihe nikigera, 

Tuzasezerera intambara,

Maze duture mu ituze,

Dushinjagirane isheja.

Nta mubyeyi wibarutse

Uzongera kujisha urugori

Ngo asigare mu bwigunge

Kandi atari ingumba.

Nta muntu n’umwe

Uzagira uburenganzira na bunzinya

Bwo kumwica no kumwicira

Ngo amuce ku rubyaro.

Umwana wese uzavuka,

Akaba adapfuye urusanzwe,

Azarukuriramo, arusaziremo,

Yizihizwe n’abuzukuruza;

Nibirimba abone ubuvivi,

Nk’uko kera byahoze,

Abakurambere bacu

Bacyubaha ubuzima.

Amarira n’amaraso

Ntibigahore muri gatebegatoki

Ngo bihore bitemba mu gihugu

Kitabuzemo ubuki n’amata.

Urukundo karande

No gushyira mu gaciro

Bizaca burundu

Ubwicanyi mu Rwanda.

Nta Munyarwanda n’umwe

Uzongera kwihandagaza

Ngo yivugire ku murambo

W’uwo basangiye igihugu.

Mu nzira za muntu,

Kwishimira amaganya

Y’umuturanyi wawe

Ntibikwiye kutubaho.

Uburinganire bw’Abanyarwanda

Nta kizabubangamira ukundi

Niduhagurukira icyarimwe

Tukabwakirana ubushake.

Nta muturage n’umwe

Ukwiye kuba igice

N’igicibwa mu gihugu

Azira ubwoko abarizwamo.

Mu gusenya inkuta karande

Zitandukanya Abanyarwanda,

Dukwiye gushyira hamwe,

Tugasenyera umugozi umwe.

Imbibi z’inzangano zizasibangana,

Kurenganya abandi bibe umuziro,

Duture hasi umuzigo w’inzigo,

Dusangire akabisi n’agahiye.

Mureke tuve mu mibande

Y’irondakoko n’agahinda,

Duterere mu mpinga y’urumuri

Rw’ubutabera burengera bose.

Muhaguruke turwanye ubutindi,

Aho gukaraga iminega

No guhora duterana agahinda

Ngo tugeze ibintu iwa Ndabaga.

Dore impeshyi y’amashyari

Izarangirana na Kanama,

Umuhindo nuhindukira

Utuzanire ubuvandimwe.

Umutwa nabumbe akabindi,

Umututsi agatereke,

Umuhutu agasendereze,

Tukanyweremo igihango.

Ayo moko yose asome,

Nta wunena undi,

Nta wukurura umusa

Ngo acure abo bicaranye.

Ntidukikize intango

Ngo aho kuyuzuza inzoga

Tuyikonozemo urwango,

U Rwanda ruhore runywa nzobya.

Amoko yacu ni impanga,

Arafatanye, ni ikimane,

N’ubusugire bwa buri wese

Busobekeranye n’ubw’undi.

Urukundo ufitiye undi,

Nawe uba urwikunda,

Wahohotera undi muntu,

Ukagarukwa n’ayo mahano.

Ntitunangize imitima yacu :

Iri hame ridakuka

Rirasaba Abanyarwanda

Kwitwara nk’umubiri umwe.

Nk’uko ino risitara

Ururimi rugatabaza ;

Ubwonko bwatokorwa,

Ururimi rukigobeka ;

Abanyarwanda nibasigasirane,

Boroherane muri byose,

Bahorane amahoro iteka

Nk’agati kateretswe n’Imana.

Amoko atatu agize igihugu,

Nabane akaramata

Nk’ubutatu butagatifu,

U Rwanda rutengamare.

Ukwezi kwaka inzora

Kuzatuzanira ituze,

Umwezi ube umukwira,

Umucyo usakare mu Rwanda.

Umuseke usesuye

Uzatambikira mu Mubali,

Wahuranye imisozi igihumbi,

Umurikire n’uburengerazuba.

Igitondo gitangaje

Kizaganza umwijima;

Ubucakara bw’amacakubiri

Buzacika mu bantu.

Ikinyoma n’uburiganya

Bizayoyoka nk’igihu;

Injishi y’ivangura n’ubusumbane

Icibwe n’imico myiza.

Wa mugani w’umusizi:

Duhane ikiganza,

Dusangire ingendo,

Duhuze umugambi.

Aho guhora turasana,

Dusabane i Busasamana,

Dusezerere amarorerwa

Twagize akamenyero.

Nimusubize inkota mu rwubati,

Mushinge icumu mu ntagara,

Mureke kugwiza ibicumuro,

Itsembatsemba ntiryibaruka intwari.

Nimuze mucane uruti,

Mureke kuba abacanshuro

N’abacakara b’amacakubiri;

Nimuve ibuzimu mujye ibuntu.

Nimusezeranye Sheja

Wapfuye atagira inenge

Ko mutazongera kwicana 

No gucucuma Abanyarwanda.

Aho mwakigaba hose

Mubwire uwo mumarayika

Ko mutazongera kugoma

No gushoza imiborogo.

Nimwizeze uwo mwana

Ko musezereye umwijima

Mugahobera imigabo 

Y’urukundo n’amahoro.

Akababaro gakabije

Abanyarwanda bahuriyeho

Kazabahuriza ku ntego

Yo kwimakaza amahoro.

Burya ngo ahari ubuhoro

Umuhoro na wo urogosha,

Agakecuru kagashigisha,

Kagasurwa n’abuzukuru.

Aho umwaga utarangwa

Uruhu rw’imbaragasa imwe

Rukisasira abantu batanu 

Baruta umunani barasana.

Amakuru dukesha umunyamakuru w’igitangazamakuru Umubavu, Théoneste Nsengimana ni avuga ku mugabo witwa HITIMANA Apollinaire utuye mu Mudugudu wa Gakombe mu Murenge wa Shyogwe mu Kagali ka Ruli mu Karere ka Muhanga umaranye agahinda imyaka 26 aterwa no kuba harafashwe amafoto mu buryo avuga ko atazi mu 1994, aya mafoto akaba yaraje kuvamo igaragara mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi yemera ko ari iye kandi iyi foto ikagaragazwa nk’iy’Interahamwe yabaye ruharwa muri Jenoside muri Mata 1994, ni mu gihe avuga ko nta n’urukiko na rumwe rwigeze rumuhamya ibyaha bya Jenoside dore ko yanabaye Inyangamugayo n’ubwo yaje kubyamburwa mu buryo budasobanutse.

Nk’uko Apollinaire Hitimana abyivugira ubwe ngo ubwo FPR yafataga Gitarama, abaturage bavuye mu ngo zabo bamwe bahungira ahitwa i Gitisi. Muri abo baturage harimo n’uyu Hitimana Appolinaire.

Bwarakeye uwo mugabo ajya iwe aho yari atuye gushaka ibyo kurya, ageze mu nzira yahuye n’abasilikari bamubaza aho ari kujya, ni ko kubabwira ko agiye iwe mu rugo aho yabaga mbere gushaka icyo kurya kuko inzara imeze nabi.

Aha avuga ko aba basirikare bamutegetse gufata umupanga uko bamutegeka avuga ko yari ajyanye gushakisha inkwi nyamara atazi icyo bashaka, abonye nta yandi mahitamo awufata uko bamutegetse nyuma baramubwira ngo niyigendere.

Iyo foto ni iyi

Imyaka 26 irashize iyi foto y’umugabo ufite umuhoro ari kumwe n’umusirikare bivugwa ko ari uwa Forces Armées Rwandaises (FAR) ufite imbunda ku rutugu yitamirije umurunga w’amasasu ikwirakwiye kuri Interineti.

Ni ifoto yafashwe mu gihe cya Jenoside muri Mata 1994. Getty Images, urubuga rubikwaho rukanagurisha amafoto rugaragaza ko iyi foto yafashwe ku wa 12 Kamena 1994, ifatirwa i Gitarama n’umufotozi Alexander Joe wa AFP, (Ibiro Ntaramakuru by’Abafaransa).

Reba video abisobanura

Ku bw’iyi foto, Apollinaire wemeza ko ari iye ntakiva mu rugo kuko ngo iyo agiye nk’i Kigali cyangwa se mu Mujyi i Muhanga, ababonye iriya foto batazi uko yafashwe bamuvugiriza induru ngo “Dore umwicanyi ruharwa ucyidegembya”.

Uyu mugabo avuga ko inzego zose zizi ikibazo cye ariko akaba yarabuze uwamurenganura na cyane ko n’ubu ngo mu Murenge atuyeho ntawe umushinja ko yicanye.

Gusa ahangayikijwe n’iyo foto ituma atakigira aho ajya kwishakira akazi ko kumutunga n’umuryango we.

Hitimana Apollinaire yagiranye ikiganiro kirambuye n’UMUBAVU ibi byose abiva imuzi n’imuzingo. Yatangiye avuga aho yahuriye n’abo akeka ko bamufashe amafoto yavuyemo igaragara ku Rwibutso rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi afashe umupanga abishingira ko ngo hari uwo yaje kubona afite Kamera.

Aba basirikare ngo bamubajije amakuru ye, ati “Barambaza bati ’musaza bite byawe?’ Nari mpagatiye umufuka n’ideyi. Umufuka wari uwo gusukamo imyaka ihuye kuko nari nzi ko nayisize ihari, ideyi yari iyo guhambira idahuye isharitse (avuga imyaka) noneho rero nti ’mvuye mu nkambi nkaba ngiye hepfo ahangaha mu rugo iwanjye”.

Aha ngo aba basirikare bamubajije icyo agiye gukorayo abasubiza ati “Ngiye kureba imyaka yo gutunga ntabwo inzara irabaga”.

Uyu musaza avuga ko ngo bamubajije icyo afite mu mufuka abanza kubabwira ko ntacyo ariko nyuma yibuka ngo afite umuhoro agiye kwifashisha ashaka udukwi, ati “Uyu muhoro umfasha mu gihe cyo gusenya udukwi cyane cyane mu gihe cyo guteka dushaka kugira ngo tubeho”.

Ngo bahise bamubwira guhagarara neza bakamubwira guhagarara areba impande zose. Bamusabye kandi ngo gufata umuhoro neza awufatiye ku kirindi kandi ngo awufatiye mu kuboko kw’iburyo ndetse ngo akajya awuzamura anawumanura gahoro gahoro nkuko babimutegetse.

Nyuma yo gukoreshwa ibi byose, ngo baramuhumurije ngo ahumure banamusaba kugenda.

Uburyo uyu musaza yabonye iyi foto cyangwa uko yamenye ko iri mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi

Avuga ko ubwo yashakaga guhindukira ataha, yabonye umugabo ucigatiye za Kamera ati “Mu gihe cyo guhindura nsa n’ushatse gutaha, niboneye umugabo wari uhagatiye za Kamera, imwe iburyo mu rutugu rw’iburyo indi mu rutugu rw’ibumoso afite na Pareye (Appareil) twakwita Pareye simple cyangwa se niba ari Kamera simbizi ayifite mu ntoki”.

Uyu musaza avuga ko mu gihe cya Gacaca, yabaye umwe mu batorewe ubunyangamugayo, akavuga ko ngo mu ikusanyamakuru bavugaga kuri buri muntu kandi uwo baziho ikintu akisobanura.

Akomeza avuga ko ngo nyuma haje kuza umuntu avuga ko yari aturutse i Kigali akavuga ko mu Nyangamugayo harimo umugabo ufite ifoto ye ku Gisozi (aha yashakaga kuvuga ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi) kandi ngo ari mu Nyangamugayo.

Ngo yagize ati “Aha harimo umugabo ufite ifoto ye ku Gisozi kandi ari Inyangamugayo muri Gacaca yacu!”.

Uyu ngo yabajijwe uwo ari we ariko ngo ashaka kubizinzika ngo wenda azabivuge mu ibanga ariko ngo nyuma haza undi na we ahamya ko yabonye iyo foto ye.

Aha ngo bombi babajijwe uwo ari we, basubiza bati “Ni Appollinaire Hitimana”, aha ngo bongeyeho izina ’Kaguru yahimbwaga kubera kugenda acumbagira ngo bitewe nuko ari ko Imana yamuremye.

Yahise abazwa icyo abivugaho niba n’iyo foto ayizi, asubiza ati “Ntabwo nyizi”. Abajijwe icyo abiziho ngo kuko ifoto bivugwa ko ari iye, ati “Ntacyo mbiziho”.

Ngo yabajijwe n’uburyo yafotowe, yibuka ko mu cya Kabiri aho yahagaze yakoreshejwe ibintu byo gufata umuhoro kandi ngo umuhoro we yikuriye mu mufuka we, akaba ngo yaba yarakoreshejwe ibyo gufata umuhoro hagamijwe ibindi ndetse akeka ko aribwo yaba yarafotowe iyo foto.

Ati “Nza kwibuka ko mpindukira ntaha nabonye umuntu wari ufite Appareil gutyo, agomba kuba ari we wamfotoye”.

Aha ngo yatangiye kwisobanura uko byagenze, ati “Iyo foto nshobora kuba narayifotowe kandi narayifotorewe mu cya Kabiri (harya yahuriye n’abasirikare), nguko uko iyo foto yanjye nabonye nsanga ari iyanjye muri icyo gihe cya Jenoside, nguko ukuntu nayibonye, nguko ukuntu najye nyikeka, nguko ukuntu nanjye nyihamya”.

Amaze kubarira umunyamakuru inzira yose y’iyi foto ye iri mu Rwibutso rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi, yabajijwe niba yaba yarahamijwe uruhare muri Jenoside, ati “Ntabwo banshinje kandi ntibanciriye urubanza ahubwo gusa baravuze bati ’uyu muntu wemera ko iyo foto ari iye atarayibonye kandi ikaba yemezwa n’abantu bayibonye na we akaba ayemera akaba ari mu nteko, n’umuntu waza w’umuyobozi agasanga mu Nteko yacu hicaye umuntu uri muri Komite y’Inteko, twavuga ko uyu muntu tumufite gute?”.

Ngo hari icyo bamusabye ku bw’ibi, ati “Bansaba kutazongera kugaruka mu Nteko ariko ntibampagurukije narakomeje ndambara birarangira twongeye gusubira mu Nteko ntabwo nongeye kwambara, navuye gutyo ku Ntebe y’ubunyangamugayo ntyo”.

Hitimana kandi yabajijwe niba nta muturage waba umushinja ko yamubonanye umuhoro cyangwa akagira icyo awukoresha, ati “Ntawigeze anshinja ngo agire ati ’namubonye ahandi’ nkuko abongabo bo bavuze bati ’twabonye ifoto ye ku Rwibutso’ hari kuza n’abandi bati ’twamubonye yurira urugo rwa naka arusenya, twamubonye se yirukankana umuntu, twamubonye se arya inka z’abandi, oya, nta muntu wigeze anshinja, nta n’urubanza rwigeze rubaho ngo mbe naraburanye yenda ntsinde cyangwa se ntsindwe, hoya, nahagurukijwe ku Ntebe y’inyangamugayo gusa”.

Kuba hashize imyaka 26 yose ifoto ye igiye hanze muri ubu buryo, HITIMANA Apollinaire avuga ko byamugizeho ingaruka nyinshi, ati “Yewe ingaruka ni nini cyane kandi ni nyinshi”.

“Byonyine gusa kubona ndebana n’umuntu, nari nzi ko nta kindi andeba uretse ifoto yanjye yo ku Gisozi, noneho rero no kujya muri Gacaca nyuma yaho yewe naragendaga ariko nkareba ahantu ntarebwa na rubanda nyamwishi”.

“Noneho kuba najya mu isoko n’agapataro nagatumaga uyu mugore (avuga umugore we) akajya kunzanira ipataro yambaho ndende nkayimusubiza akajya kuyindodeshereza, kuva ubwo nabaye imfungwa mu rugo umu ariko sinavuga mu rugo naba nkabije ariko ndavuga mu Murenge wa Ruli, mu Mudugudu nabaye nk’imfungwa, iyo ni ingaruka”.

“Nari umwe mu bavandimwe mu bantu b’abakristu uretse ko n’ubungubu ndi umukristu, najya muri Kiliziya nkubahiriza umutekano, nari nshinzwe umutekano muri Kiliziya, kwicaza abantu, nkamenya abantu binjiye bagomba kujya kuri uriya ruhande niho hari intebe, hasigaye ibyicaro umutekano ugize ikibazo muri kiliziya avuga ati ’nashakaga Padiri runaka namubona nte’ nkabimutunganyiriza nkabimukorera, ibintu nk’ibyo ngibyo nari nshinzwe umutekano muri Kiliziya”.

Aha bavuga ko ari interahamwe 

Nyuma yaho ngo abantu baje kumugiraho imvugo nini cyane yewe ngo no mu nama za Paruwasi bakamuvugaho kubera iyo mpamvu, ibi ngo byatumye acika mu rusengero.

Ati “Nyuma yaho abantu baje kungiraho imvugo nini cyane ku buryo bangizeho ibiganiro ndetse no mu nama za Paruwasi bakajya bamvugaho, ubu rero naho narahacitse, ni ukuvuga ngo ndi umwe mu bacitse mu rusengero”.

Nyuma y’ubuhamya bwe, HITIMANA Apollinaire ati “Icyakoze cyo burya ntawimenya kurusha abantu, abantu bo bashobora kuba banziho byinshi kurusha ibyo niyiziho”.

Icyifuzo cya HITIMANA Apollinaire anashingiye ku ngaruka byamugizeho

Ati “Ni ibintu bikomeye cyane, kuba hari abantu bakoresha iyo foto, ndetse namwe ubwanyu mwaje munyereka iyo foto, numva mbabaye mu mutima wanjye nkumva mfite agahinda ndetse n’ushatse kumbaza iby’iyi foto numva namuhunga”.

Yahishuriye umunyamakuru ko ngo asanze yaragaruye agatima, ati “Ntabwo mureba ko muje ubungubu, musanze naragaruye agatima muntu ahari, ubundi nashoboraga kubahunga kabishywe muje hashize n’igihe, nashoboraga guhunga nkajya no kwihisha”.

Uyu musaza avuga ko adahakana ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994 yabayeho ariko akavuga ko ifoto ye ibeshyerwa, ati “Ntabwo mpakana yuko Jenoside itabayeho, sinahakana yuko abantu batishe abandi ariko noneho iyo foto yanjye irambeshyera”.

Ngo uwamubazaga iby’iyo foto yamufataga nk’umushinyaguzi, ati “Wambazaga iby’iyo foto nkakumva nk’umushinyaguzi, nko kunnyega, [..] mbese ariko ubundi ikingiki cyo kirakora iki kuki kitafunzwe, nkumva mbabaye kandi mfite agahinda, ni icyo ngicyo nabwira umuntu unyumva yuko ifoto yanjye yandenganyije”.

Icyo asaba abantu bari mu nzego, ati “Abantu bari mu nzego nyobozi cyangwa se namwe banyamakuru, mwumvise agahinda kanjye, mwumvise umubabaro wanjye, ndumva n’abari mu nzego nyobozi ntawavuga ngo ibyo ngibyo ntabwo twari tubizi, kuko ibyabereye muri Gacaca ubuyobozi bwose burabizi, igihugu cyose kirabizi ariko ntawigeze andenganura nta n’uwigeze ampumuriza”.

“Ese ubwo nabasaba iki? Nimundeke nkomeze nipfire. Cyakoze cyo uwashobora kundenganura, ndamushimira Imana ngo imuhe umugisha. Murakoze”.

Umuryango wa HITIMANA Apollinaire ubivugaho iki?

Avuga ko byose yabiganirije umuryango we kugira ngo babisobanukirwe, icyakora akavuga ko na bo ntacyo babikoraho uretse kubabarana na we, ati “Nta kundi babigenza, ibyo byose na bo barababaye, byarabababaje nkuko nanjye bimbabaje”.

By’umwihariko umugore wa HITIMANA Apollinaire bashakanye mu 1981, we yabwiye UMUBAVU ko hari umwana wabo mukuru washatse guhinyuza akajya ku Rwibutso rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi, yaza akababwira ko ngo ari Se uhari.

Ati “Twarumvise iyo foto ko iri ku rwibutso umwana wacu w’imfura yagiyeyo kuyireba araza aratubwira ati ’ni Papa uhari”.

Ngo byabateye agahinda ariko babura icyo babikoraho, ati “Nyine byaratubabaje bidutera agahinda ariko turatuza nyine kuko nta bushobozi twari dufite twaratuje nyine tu tubifata gutyo”.

Ese nta rwego babigejejeho, ati “Hoya nta kintu twavuze twe twaratuje kuko tuzi ko nta kintu yakoraga nta wundi muntu wamukurikiranye twebwe twaratuje ariko dukomeza kugira agahinda mu mutima turakomereka”.

Avuga ko ngo byakomerekeje abana bose, ati “Tugira agahinda ku buryo abana bose ubu barakomeretse cyane cyane nk’uwo nguwo nabyariyeyo (yabyariye aho bari baracumbikiwe)”.

Uyu mubyeyi na we yagarutse ku ngaruka byagize ku muryango, ati “Byaduteye agahinda, bidutera agahinda cyane, cyane cyane nk’ubungubu mwaje (avuga umunyamakuru) iyo mwaje tugira agahinda pe, tugira agahinda, abana bakagira agahinda bamwe bagahita bagenda”.

Umudamu wa Hitimana akomeza avuga ko uburyo ngo bigeze kwerekwa igipapuro gishushanyijeho Ise, ati “Nk’ubu abana barigaga, bigaga hakurya ahangaha ku Kamatongo hari ubwo bigeze kutwereka igipapuro ngo gishushanyijeho Papa we baraza barakitwereka, ni uko nyine ndavuga nti ’mugomba kwihangana’ kuri Televiziyo hose tukumva ngo bamucishijeho ibyo byose amakuru twarayumvaga ariko nyine tukihangana”.

Imibereho na yo ntiyoroshye kuko ngo uyu musaza n’ubusanzwe yamugaye, uyu mubyeyi akavuga ko byose ari we ubikora. Avuga uburyo ngo akubura isoko bakamuha igiceri cya 50 agahahira abana be. Avuga kandi ko umuryango we uri mu cyiciro cya Mbere cy’Ubudehe bafashwa na Leta.

Icyo uyu mubyeyi abwira abantu bose babonye iriya foto n’abandi

Ati “Ikintu twabwira abantu batwumva ni uko, twararenganye pe! Twararenganye turababara biratubabaza cyane, ikintu twavuga ni uko baturenganura byaba ngombwa iyo foto ikaba ya..bayi…(arimyoza) yewe sinzi pe sinzi sinzi ukuntu umuntu yabivuga, ntabwo nzi ukuntu yabivuga”.

“Iyo foto yaragiye igera kure, igera ku Rwibutso ubwo urumva abantu bose barayibonye, abanyamahanga barayibonye, Perezida wa Repubulika yarayibonye, numva bibaye ngombwa iki kibazo mwazakitugerezayo tukarenganurwa, mukaturenganura”.

Mu gihe umuryango wa HITIMANA Apollinaire ufite agahinda umaranye imyaka 26 yose uvuga ko wabuze uwurenganura kuri iyi foto ye imanitse mu Rwibutso rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi nk’Interahamwe ruharwa yakoze Jenoside, ku wa 14 Gicurasi 2020 ikinyamakuru igihe gikorera ku murongo wa Interineti cyo cyasohoye inkuru igira iti “Muhire uba muri Zimbabwe yaba ariwe “Nterahamwe” iri kuri iyi foto?”, aha iki kinyamakuru cyavugaga iyi foto HITIMANA Apollinaire avuga ko ari iye.

Muri iyi nkuru, iki gitangazamakuru kivuga ko “umuntu ugaragara muri iyi foto ari uwitwa Ramadhan Muhire usigaye uba muri Zimbabwe, ukomoka ahitwa Rukira muri Ngoma. Bivugwa ko yagize uruhare rukomeye mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi muri 94”.

Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG ibivugaho iki?

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG, Bizimana Jean Damascène, aherutse kubwira IGIHE ko na we yumvise amakuru avuga ko ugaragara kuri iyo foto ari uwitwa Muhire ariko avuga ko ntagihamya abifitiye ati,“nta gihamya mbifitiye”.

Ubwo umunyamakuru w’Umubavu yateguraga iyi nkuru ngo yagerageje kubaza Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG, Bizimana Jean Damascène iby’iyi foto ariko ntiyagira icyo amubwira mu gihe ubutumwa bwa WhatsApp bugaragaza ko bwamugezeho ndetse akabusoma ariko ntabusubize.

Ubwo umunyamakuru w’Umubavu yateguraga iyi nkuru yagerageje kubaza Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG, Bizimana Jean Damascène

Muhire Ramadhan bivugwa ko iyi foto ari iye we abivugaho iki?

UMUBAVU washatse kumenya icyo abivugaho ntibyabakundira ariko babona umwunganizi we mu mategeko Maitre Henri Paul Ingabire bamubaza kuri iyi foto bivugwa ko ari iya Muhire yunganira mu mategeko agira ati “Iriya foto bavuga ko ari iya Muhire yaradutunguye, yatunguye umukiriya wanjye itungura n’umuryango we ndetse n’abandi bose bamuzi”.

Yakomeje agira ati :“Iriya foto bisanzwe bizwi ko ikoreshwa mu Nzibutso za Jenoside ikaba yerekana umuntu bavugaga ko ari kugira uruhare mu bikorwa bwa Jenoside, iyo foto rero yatunguye umukiriya wanjye kubona baravuze ngo ni iye kandi ntaho bahuriye, umukiriya wanjye n’abandi bose nkuko ubimbajije nabibonye mu itangazamakuru aho byavugwaga ko ari Muhire Ramadhan ariko mu by’ukuri atari we, ni uko iyo foto umukiriya wanjye yayibonye”.

Muhire Ramadhan akiri umusore

Umubavu wabajije kandi ku bivugwa ko uyu Muhire Ramadhan yasize akoze Genoside mu Rwanda akaba yihishe muri Zimbabwe n’icyo babivugaho, Me Henri Paul Ingabire, ati “Ibyo byo ntabwo ari byo, ntabwo yigeze akora Jenoside, yewe usibye no gukora Jenoside n’ibya Politiki ntiyigeze abijyamo n’ubu ntabyo abamo”.

“Ayo ni yo makuru mfite y’umukiriya wanjye, ibyo ni ukumubeshyera kubera abandi bantu bafite izindi nyungu utamenya izo ari zo, kubw’ibyo ndagira ngo nkubwire ko atari byo rwose”.

Yakomeje avuga ko kandi Muhire aho ari muri Zimbabwe ngo atihishe, ati “Kuvuga ko yihishe, ntabwo yihishe, iki gihugu gitanga ubuhungiro kikaguha ibyangombwa, kiba kikuzi, ahangaha hari inzego zishinzwe umutekano, hari na Ambasade y’u Rwanda kandi akora ibikorwa bizwi, ni umuntu utihishe rwose n’aho atuye harazwi n’ibikorwa bye aho abikorera harazwi ntabwo yihishe rero”.

Avuga ko ngo n’amazina ye azwi no mu Rwanda ntacyo yayahinduyeho, ati “Ni amazina ye azwi, amazina ye yakoreshaga mu Rwanda ni yo akoresha nta kintu yigeze ayahinduraho, ubwo rero iyo aba ari umuntu wihisha, aba yarayahinduye cyangwa akareba ukundi kuntu abigenza ariko ntaho yihishe ni ukumubeshyera, ni ibyavuzwe muri ibyo binyamakuru nyine kugira ngo bamubeshyere bagaragaze ko ari umuntu wagize nabi akaba yirirwa yihisha, nta kintu na kimwe yihisha arahari”.

Muhire mu gihe cya Genoside yabagahe, yahunze rwari, ahungira he? Me Henri Paul Ingabire ati ’Nkuko byanditswe, ndakeka ko bari bagerageje gukora ubucukumbuzi, yabaga mu Karere ka Ngoma (aha hitwaga i Kibungo ngo ni naho avuka akaba ngo ari naho yakoreraga imirimo ye) mu gihe cya Jenoside niho yari ari yahunze ava mu Karere ka Ngoma ahungira mu gihugu cya Tanzania nkuko n’abandi bose bahunze hanyuma ndumva ibindi…yaje kwisanga muri Zimbabwe nkuko n’abandi bagiye bahunga bakajya na za Burayi”.

Ngo Muhire ntiyigeze ava ahari muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo kandi ngo nta n’ikindi gihugu yigeze ajyamo, ati “Ntabwo yigeze agira ikindi gihugu ajyamo nta nubwo yigeze ava mu cyitwaga Perefegitura ya Kibungo ngo age mu yindi Perefegitura mu gihe cya Jenoside, ibyo byo rwose ni ihame”.

Inkuru ivuga ko iyi foto yafatiwe i Gitarama (ubu ni mu karere ka Muhanga

Yakomeje agira ati, “Ifoto ya vuba[…]ni uko umpamagaye ntari mu Biro ngo mbisubiremo ariko ibyo binyamakuru byose (avuga ibyamwanditseho bivuga ko iyo foto yaba ari iye) byerekana ifoto ye hanyuma barangiza bagashyiraho ifoto y’uriya musaza ufite umupanga n’inkoni, iyo ni yo foto ye ya vuba ni ko asa […] ntabwo bibeshye bayikuye hano ibyo ari byo byose hari umuntu wayibahaye, ni yo foto ye ya vuba, ni yo bashyizeho kugira ngo berekane ko ari we ari uriya musaza”.

Mushobora kumva mukanareba hano hasi ikiganiro cyose umunyamakuru Théoneste Nsengimana yagiranye n’abarebwa n’iki kibazo: